Perceived Predation Risk Reduces the number of Offspring Songbirds Produce per Year.

Abstract: Predator effects on prey demography have traditionally been ascribed solely to direct killing in studies of population ecology and wildlife management. Predators also affect the prey’s perception of predation risk, but this has not been thought to meaningfully affect prey demography. We isolated the effects of perceived predation risk in a free-living population of

Research Program 1976-1985-Tom Reimchen

A. Boulton lake : An evolutionary examination of spine loss in Gasterosteus ( stickleback fish) B. Drizzle Lake  An examination of the giant form of Gasterosteus with the purpose of testing the “Niche-width” hypothesis– C. Structure , position and function of lateral paltes in Gasterosteus. D. Geographical Distribution of Gasterosteus and other fresh water fish